Notes
The phrase “Рушай зараз” translates to “Move now” in English. The phrase “поки сонечко ще не припікає” translates to “While the sun is not yet hot” in English
In the phrase “Рушай зараз, поки сонечко ще не припікає,” the word “ще” means “still” or “yet.” So, the full translation would be “Move now, while the sun is not yet hot.”
Here’s an example sentence using the verb “Рушай”:
“Рушай до магазину, поки ще є час.”
Translation: “Head to the store while there’s still time.”
The verb “Рушай” (rushai) in Ukrainian literally means “move” or “go.” It is an imperative form, used to give a command or instruction to someone to start moving or to proceed.
As for its etymology, “Рушай” comes from the verb “рушати” (rushaty), which means “to move” or “to set off.” This verb is related to the Proto-Slavic root *ruxati, which also means “to move” or “to stir.” This root is found in various Slavic languages with similar meanings.
In the word “припікає” (prypikaye), the prefix “при-” generally means “near” or “towards.” When combined with the root “пікати” (to burn), it gives the sense of something being burned or heated intensely, often implying a close or direct action.
So, “припікає” can be understood as “burns intensely” or “scorches.”
The word “поки” in English can be translated as “while,” “until,” or "as long as". The exact translation depends on the context in which it is used.
For example:
“Почекай тут, поки я повернуся.” translates to “Wait here until I return.”
“Поки ми разом, все буде добре.” translates to “As long as we’re together, everything will be fine.”
Here is the conjugation of the verb “припікати” (to burn intensely) in the present tense:
1st person
припікаю
припікаємо
2nd person
припікаєш
припікаєте
3rd person
припікає
припікають
The verb “Рушай” is an imperative form of the verb “рушати” (to move, to set off).
The conjugation for “рушати” in the present tense:
1st person
рушаю
рушаємо
2nd person
рушаєш
рушаєте
3rd person
рушає
рушають
The verb “Іди” (to go) in Ukrainian is an imperative form. Here is its conjugation in different tenses: Present Tense:
Я йду (I go)
Ти йдеш (You go)
Він/вона/воно йде (He/she/it goes)
Ми йдемо (We go)
Ви йдете (You go - formal/plural)
Вони йдуть (They go) Past Tense:
Я йшов/йшла (I went - masculine/feminine)
Ти йшов/йшла (You went - masculine/feminine)
Він йшов (He went)
Вона йшла (She went)
Воно йшло (It went)
Ми йшли (We went)
Ви йшли (You went - formal/plural)
Вони йшли (They went) Future Tense:
Я йтиму (I will go)
Ти йтимеш (You will go)
Він/вона/воно йтиме (He/she/it will go)
Ми йтимемо (We will go)
Ви йтимете (You will go - formal/plural)
Вони йтимуть (They will go) Imperative:
Іди (Go - informal singular)
Ідіть (Go - formal/plural)
Cases
The phrase “з дороги не звертай” translates to “Don’t turn off the road” in English. In the phrase “з дороги не звертай,” the preposition “з” translates to “from” in English. It indicates the starting point or origin of an action. So, the phrase literally means “don’t turn from the road,” which is understood as “don’t turn off the road” or “stay on the road.”
In the phrase “з дороги не звертай,” the word “дороги” is in the genitive case. The genitive case is often used to indicate possession, origin, or separation, which fits here as it denotes “from the road.”
Here is the declension of the noun “дорога” (road) in Ukrainian for all seven cases:
Nominative (Називний): дорога (the road)
Genitive (Родовий): дороги (of the road)
Dative (Давальний): дорозі (to the road)
Accusative (Знахідний): дорогу (the road - direct object)
Instrumental (Орудний): дорогою (with the road)
Locative (Місцевий): дорозі (on the road)
Vocative (Кличний): дорога (O road!)
In the phrase “бо ще впадеш,” the word “бо” translates to “because” or “for” in English. It is used to provide a reason or explanation for something. So, the phrase means “because you might fall.”
In the phrase “та розіб’єш пляшку,” the word “та” translates to “and” in English. It is used to connect clauses or sentences, indicating that the actions are related or sequential. So, the phrase means “and you will break the bottle.”
“і” or "та
i is and, and ta is and, but only ta is used to connect opposite ideas
In the phrase “з дороги не звертай,” the word “звертай” comes from the Ukrainian verb “звертати,” which means “to turn” or “to change direction.” So, “з дороги не звертай” translates to “don’t turn off the road” or “stay on the road.”
Here is the conjugation of the verb “звертати” (to turn) in the present tense:
я звертаю
ти звертаєш
він/вона/воно звертає
ми звертаємо
ви звертаєте
вони звертають
The phrase “ще впадеш” is in the future tense and means “you will fall again.” The verb “впасти” (to fall) is conjugated in the future tense as follows:
я впаду
ти впадеш
він/вона/воно впаде
ми впадемо
ви впадете
вони впадуть
The phrase “ще впадеш” is in the future tense. To express “fall” in the present tense, you would use the verb “падати.” Here is the conjugation of “падати” (to fall) in the present tense:
я падаю
ти падаєш
він/вона/воно падає
ми падаємо
ви падаєте
вони падають
So, “ще впадеш” in the present tense would be “ще падаєш,” meaning “you are still falling.”
The verb “розіб’єш” is the second-person singular future indicative form of the verb “розбити” (to break). Here is the full conjugation of “розбити” in the future tense:
я розіб’ю
ти розіб’єш
він/вона/воно розіб’є
ми розіб’ємо
ви розіб’єте
вони розіб’ють
The verb “розіб’єш” is the second-person singular future indicative form of “розбити” (to break). In the present tense, you would use the verb “розбивати.” Here is the conjugation of “розбивати” in the present tense:
я розбиваю
ти розбиваєш
він/вона/воно розбиває
ми розбиваємо
ви розбиваєте
вони розбивають
So, “розіб’єш” in the present tense would be “розбиваєш,” meaning “you are breaking.”
In the Ukrainian sentence "тоді з чим прийдеш до бабусі," the word "тоді" translates to "then" in English. It is used to indicate a consequence or a condition based on a previous statement or situation. In this context, it suggests that the speaker is asking about what the listener will bring to their grandmother as a result of something previously mentioned.
In the phrase ''тоді з чим прийдеш до бабусі,'' the expression ''з чим'' translates to ''with what'' in English.
А як увійдеш до хати, то по кутках не роздивляйся, а перше привітайся чемненько.
The infinitive of увійдеш is увійти (perfective aspect)
Here is the conjugation of the verb "увійти" (to enter) in the present tense for all persons:
1. Я увійду (I enter)
2. Ти увійдеш (You enter - singular informal)
3. Він/Вона/Воно увійде (He/She/It enters)
4. Ми увійдемо (We enter)
5. Ви увійдете (You enter - plural/formal)
6. Вони увійдуть (They enter)
In Ukrainian, the imperfective aspect of the verb "увійти" is "входити" (to enter). Here’s how "входити" is conjugated in the present tense:
1. Я входжу (I enter)
2. Ти входиш (You enter - singular informal)
3. Він/Вона/Воно входить (He/She/It enters)
4. Ми входимо (We enter)
5. Ви входите (You enter - plural/formal)
6. Вони входять (They enter)
Using "входити" (to enter - imperfective aspect)
1. **Я заходжу у кімнату.** (I am entering the room.)
2. **Ти входиш у магазин.** (You are entering the store.)
3. **Він завжди входить без стуку.** (He always enters without knocking.)
4. **Ми входимо в театр о сьомій.** (We are entering the theater at seven.)
5. **Ви входите в клас на урок.** (You are entering the classroom for the lesson.)
6. **Вони входять у будинок у темряві.** (They are entering the house in the dark.)
Using "увійти" (to enter - perfective aspect)
1. **Я увійду в офіс о дев'ятій.** (I will enter the office at nine.)
2. **Ти увійдеш у бібліотеку після обіду.** (You will enter the library after lunch.)
3. **Він увійде на сцену, коли закінчиться пісня.** (He will enter the stage when the song ends.)
4. **Ми увійдемо в зал на конференцію.** (We will enter the hall for the conference.)
5. **Ви увійдете в кімнату, коли я відкрию двері.** (You will enter the room when I open the door.)
6. **Вони увійдуть у місто до заходу сонця.** (They will enter the city before sunset.)
These examples show how "входити" is used for ongoing or habitual actions (imperfective), while "увійти" is used for completed actions in the future (perfective).
А як увійдеш до хати, то по кутках не роздивляйся, а перше привітайся чемненько.
The plural imperative form of the verb "роздивляйся" is "роздивляйтеся
перше
А як увійдеш до хати, то по кутках не роздивляйся, а перше привітайся чемненько.
Here are the adverbial forms of the ordinal numbers in Ukrainian:
- **Firstly**: перше (pershe)
- **Secondly**: друге (druhe)
- **Thirdly**: третє (tretje)
- **Fourthly**: четверте (chetverte)
- **Fifthly**: п’яте (p’yate)
- **first**: перший (pershyy).
- **Second**: другий (druhyy)
- **Third**: третій (tretiy)
- **Fourth**: четвертий (chetvertyy)
- **Fifth**: п’ятий (p'yatyy)
- Я, мамо, все зроблю так, як ти велиш, - сказала Червона Шапочка, попрощалася з матір'ю і пішла.
The Ukrainian word “зроблю” translates to “I will do” or “I will make” in English. It is the first-person singular future tense form of the verb “зробити” (to do/make).
In Ukrainian, the imperfective form of the verb “to do” or “to make” is “робити” (robyty). This form is used to describe ongoing, habitual, or repeated actions.
For example:
“Я роблю домашнє завдання кожного дня.” (I do homework every day.)
“Він робить каву щоранку.” (He makes coffee every morning.)
Now, let’s look at the conjugation of “робити” (to do/make) in the present tense, which is the imperfective form:
Я роблю (Ya roblu) - I do/make
Ти робиш (Ty robysh) - You do/make (singular, informal)
Він/Вона/Воно робить (Vin/Vona/Vono robyt’) - He/She/It does/makes
Ми робимо (My robymo) - We do/make
Ви робите (Vy robyte) - You do/make (plural or formal)
Вони роблять (Vony roblyat’) - They do/make
Here is the conjugation of the verb “зробити” (to do/make) in the future tense, as it is a perfective verb and does not have a present tense form:
Я зроблю (Ya zroblyu) - I will do/make
Ти зробиш (Ty zrobish) - You will do/make (singular, informal)
Він/Вона/Воно зробить (Vin/Vona/Vono zrobyt’) - He/She/It will do/make
Ми зробимо (My zrobymo) - We will do/make
Ви зробите (Vy zrobyte) - You will do/make (plural or formal)
Вони зроблять (Vony zroblyat’) - They will do/make
Here is the conjugation of the Ukrainian verb “велíти” (to command/order) in the present tense:
Я велю́ (Ya velyu) - I command/order
Ти велиш (Ty velish) - You command/order (singular, informal)
Ви велите (Vy velyte) - You command/order (plural or formal)
Вони велять (Vony velyat’) - They command/order
попрощалася з матір'ю
Here is the conjugation of the Ukrainian verb “прощатися” (to say goodbye) in the present tense:
Я прощаюся (I say goodbye)
Ти прощаєшся (You say goodbye - singular, informal)
Він/Вона/Воно прощається (He/She/It says goodbye)
Ми прощаємося (We say goodbye)
Ви прощаєтеся (You say goodbye - plural or formal)
Вони прощаються (They say goodbye)
The difference between “прощалася” and “попрощалася” lies in the aspect of the verb:
Прощалася is the imperfective aspect, which indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, “Вона прощалася” means “She was saying goodbye” or “She used to say goodbye.”
Попрощалася is the perfective aspect, which indicates a completed action. For example, “Вона попрощалася” means “She said goodbye” (implying that the action was completed).
Here is the conjugation of the perfective verb “попрощатися” (to say goodbye) in the past tense in Ukrainian:
Я попрощався / попрощалася (I said goodbye - masculine/feminine)
Ти попрощався / попрощалася (You said goodbye - singular, informal, masculine/feminine)
Він попрощався (He said goodbye)
Вона попрощалася (She said goodbye)
Воно попрощалося (It said goodbye)
Ми попрощалися (We said goodbye)
Ви попрощалися (You said goodbye - plural or formal)
Вони попрощалися (They said goodbye)
з матір'ю
(she said goodbye to her mother / literally made her goodbyes with her mother)
Here is the declension of the noun “мати” (mother) in Ukrainian for all seven cases:
Nominative (Називний): мати (мати)
Genitive (Родовий): матері (of mother)
Dative (Давальний): матері (to mother)
Accusative (Знахідний): матір (mother as a direct object)
Instrumental (Орудний): матір’ю (with mother)
Locative (Місцевий): матері (about mother)
Vocative (Кличний): мати (O mother!
In Ukrainian, “She said goodbye to her father” is: Вона попрощалася з батьком.
The Ukrainian word for “father” is батько (bat’ko)
пішла
The difference between "пішла" and "йшла" lies in the aspect of the verb:
- **Пішла** is the perfective aspect, indicating a completed action. For example, "Вона пішла" means "She went" or "She left" (implying the action is finished).
- **Йшла** is the imperfective aspect, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, "Вона йшла" means "She was going" or "She was walking" (implying the action was in progress).
А бабуся жила в лісі, за півгодини ходи від села. І щойно Червона Шапочка увійшла в ліс, так і зустріла вовка.
Here is the declension of the Ukrainian word “ліс” (forest) in different cases, with examples: Nominative (Називний): ліс - Example: Ліс великий. (The forest is big.) Genitive (Родовий): лісу - Example: Я боюся темного лісу. (I am afraid of the dark forest.) Dative (Давальний): лісу - Example: Я допомагаю лісу відновитися. (I help the forest to recover.) Accusative (Знахідний): ліс - Example: Ми йдемо в ліс. (We are going to the forest.) Instrumental (Орудний): лісом - Example: Ми гуляємо лісом. (We are walking through the forest.) Locative (Місцевий): лісі - Example: Ми зустрілися в лісі. (We met in the forest.) Vocative (Кличний): лісу - Example: О, лісу, як ти прекрасний! (Oh, forest, how beautiful you are!)
за півгодини ходи від села
The word for “an hour” in Ukrainian is “година” (hodyna).
The phrase “quarter of an hour” in Ukrainian is “чверть години” (chvertʹ hodyny).
The Ukrainian word “півгодини” translates to “half-hour” in English.
Here is the declension of the Ukrainian word “село” (village) in different cases, with examples: Nominative (Називний): село - Example: Село розташоване в долині. (The village is located in the valley.) Genitive (Родовий): села - Example: Я повернувся з села. (I returned from the village.) Dative (Давальний): селу - Example: Я допомагаю селу. (I am helping the village.) Accusative (Знахідний): село - Example: Ми відвідуємо село. (We are visiting the village.) Instrumental (Орудний): селом - Example: Ми гуляємо селом. (We are walking through the village.) Locative (Місцевий): селі - Example: Ми живемо в селі. (We live in the village.) Vocative (Кличний): село - Example: О, село, як ти прекрасне! (Oh, village, how beautiful you are!)
І щойно Червона Шапочка увійшла в ліс, так і зустріла вовка.
The Ukrainian word “щойно” translates to “just” in English, often used to indicate that something has happened very recently. For example: Я щойно прийшов. (I just arrived.) Вона щойно зателефонувала. (She just called.)
зустріла вовка
Here is the declension of the Ukrainian word “вовк” (wolf) in different cases, with examples:
Nominative (Називний): вовк - Example: Вовк біжить. (The wolf is running.)
Genitive (Родовий): вовка - Example: Я боюся вовка. (I am afraid of the wolf.)
Dative (Давальний): вовкові - Example: Я допомагаю вовкові. (I am helping the wolf.)
Accusative (Знахідний): вовка - Example: Вона зустріла вовка. (She met a wolf.)
Instrumental (Орудний): вовком - Example: Ми йдемо з вовком. (We are walking with the wolf.)
Locative (Місцевий): вовкові - Example: Ми говоримо про вовкові. (We are talking about the wolf.)
Vocative (Кличний): вовче - Example: О, вовче, де ти? (Oh, wolf, where are you?)